ADCLK946
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Thevenin-equivalent termination uses a resistor network to
CLOCK INPUTS
provide 50 Ω termination to a dc voltage that is below VOL of
the LVPECL driver. In this case, VS_DRV on the ADCLK946
should equal VCC of the receiving buffer. Although the resistor
combination shown in Figure 15 results in a dc bias point of
VS_DRV − 2 V, the actual common-mode voltage is VS_DRV −
1.3 V because there is additional current flowing from the
ADCLK946 LVPECL driver through the pull-down resistor.
The ADCLK946 accepts a differential clock input and distributes it
to all six LVPECL outputs. The maximum specified frequency is
the point at which the output voltage swing is 50ꢀ of the standard
LVPECL swing (see Figure 4).
The device has a differential input equipped with center-tapped,
differential, 100 Ω on-chip termination resistors. The input accepts
dc-coupled LVPECL, CML, 3.3 V CMOS (single ended), and
ac-coupled 1.8 V CMOS, LVDS, and LVPECL inputs. A VREF pin
is available for biasing ac-coupled inputs (see Figure 1).
LVPECL Y-termination is an elegant termination scheme that
uses the fewest components and offers both odd- and even-mode
impedance matching. Even-mode impedance matching is an
important consideration for closely coupled transmission lines
at high frequencies. Its main drawback is that it offers limited
flexibility for varying the drive strength of the emitter-follower
LVPECL driver. This can be an important consideration when
driving long trace lengths but is usually not an issue.
Maintain the differential input voltage swing from approximately
400 mV p-p to no more than 3.4 V p-p. See Figure 14 through
Figure 17 for various clock input termination schemes.
Output jitter performance is degraded by an input slew rate
below 1 V/ns, as shown in Figure 12. The ADCLK946 is
specifically designed to minimize added random jitter over a
wide input slew rate range. Whenever possible, clamp excessively
large input signals with fast Schottky diodes because attenuators
reduce the slew rate. Input signal runs of more than a few
centimeters should be over low loss dielectrics or cables with
good high frequency characteristics.
VS_DRV
V
= VS_DRV
ADCLK946
S
Z
= 50Ω
= 50Ω
0
50Ω
50Ω
V
– 2V
LVPECL
CC
Z
0
Figure 14. DC-Coupled, 3.3 V LVPECL
CLOCK OUTPUTS
VS_DRV
The specified performance necessitates using proper trans-
mission line terminations. The LVPECL outputs of the
ADCLK946 are designed to directly drive 800 mV into a 50 Ω
cable or into microstrip/stripline transmission lines terminated
with 50 Ω referenced to VCC − 2 V, as shown in Figure 14. The
LVPECL output stage is shown in Figure 13. The outputs are
designed for best transmission line matching. If high speed
signals must be routed more than a centimeter, either the
microstrip or the stripline technique is required to ensure
proper transition times and to prevent excessive output ringing
and pulse-width-dependent, propagation delay dispersion.
ADCLK946
VS_DRV
V
CC
127Ω
127Ω
50Ω
SINGLE-ENDED
(NOT COUPLED)
LVPECL
50Ω
83Ω
83Ω
Figure 15. DC-Coupled, 3.3 V LVPECL Far-End Thevenin Termination
VS_DRV
V
= VS_DRV
ADCLK946
S
Z
= 50Ω
0
V
CC
50Ω
50Ω
50Ω
LVPECL
Z
= 50Ω
0
Figure 16. DC-Coupled, 3.3 V LVPECL Y-Termination
Q
Q
VS_DRV
V
ADCLK946
CC
0.1nF
100Ω DIFFERENTIAL
(COUPLED)
100Ω
LVPECL
0.1nF
TRANSMISSION LINE
200Ω
200Ω
V
EE
Figure 13. Simplified Schematic Diagram of
the LVPECL Output Stage
Figure 17. AC-Coupled, LVPECL with Parallel Transmission Line
Figure 14 through Figure 17 depict various LVPECL output
termination schemes. When dc-coupled, VCC of the receiving
buffer should match the VS_DRV.
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