bq2014
Gas Gauge IC with External Charge Control
Nominal Available Charge (NAC)
Features
➤ Conservative and repeatable
measurement of available charge
in rechargeable batteries
General Description
may be directly indicated using a
The bq2014 Gas Gauge IC is in-
tended for battery-pack or in-system
installation to maintain an accurate
record of available battery charge.
The IC monitors the voltage drop
across a sense resistor connected in
series between the negative battery
terminal and ground to determine
charge and discharge activity of the
battery.
five-segment LED display.
The bq2014 supports a simple single-
line bidirectional serial link to an ex-
ternal processor (with a common
ground). The bq2014 outputs battery
information in response to external
commands over the serial link.
➤ Charge control output operates an
external charge controller such as
the bq2004 Fast Charge IC
➤ Designed for battery pack inte-
gration
Internal registers include available
charge, temperature, capacity, bat-
tery voltage, battery ID, battery
status, and programming pin set-
tings. To support subassembly test-
ing, the outputs may also be con-
trolled. The external processor may
also overwrite some of the bq2014
gas gauge data registers.
- 120µA typical standby current
➤ Display capacity via single-wire
serial communication port or di-
rect drive of LEDs
Self-discharge of NiMH and NiCd
batteries is estimated based on an
internal timer and temperature sen-
sor. Compensations for battery tem-
perature and rate of charge or dis-
charge are applied to the charge, dis-
charge, and self-discharge calcula-
tions to provide available charge in-
formation across a wide range of op-
erating conditions. Battery capacity
is automatically recalibrated, or
“learned,” in the course of a dis-
charge cycle from full to empty.
➤ Measurements compensated for
current and temperature
The bq2014 may operate directly
from three or four cells. With the
REF output and an external transis-
tor, a simple, inexpensive regulator
can be built to provide VCC across a
greater number of cells.
➤ Self-discharge compensation using
internal temperature sensor
➤ User-selectable end-of-discharge
threshold
➤ Battery voltage, nominal avail-
able charge, temperature, etc.
available over serial port
The bq2014 includes a charge con-
trol output that controls an external
Fast Charge IC such as the bq2004.
➤ 16-pin narrow SOIC
Pin Connections
Pin Names
LCOM
LED common output
REF
CHG
DQ
Voltage reference output
Charge control output
SEG1/PROG1 LED segment 1/
program 1 input
LCOM
SEG /PROG
1
2
3
4
5
6
16
15
14
13
12
11
V
CC
Serial communications
input/output
REF
CHG
DQ
1
1
SEG2/PROG2 LED segment 2/
program 2 input
SEG /PROG
2
2
EMPTY
Empty battery indicator
output
SEG /PROG
3
3
SEG3/PROG3 LED segment 3/
program 3 input
SEG /PROG
EMPTY
SB
4
4
SB
Battery sense input
Display control input
Sense resistor input
3.0–6.5V
SEG /PROG
5
5
SEG4/PROG4 LED segment 4/
program 4 input
DONE
7
8
10
9
DISP
SR
DISP
SR
V
SS
SEG5/PROG5 LED segment 5/
program 5 input
16-Pin Narrow SOIC
VCC
VSS
PN201401.eps
DONE
Fast charge complete
System ground
12/95 C
1