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MS-2341

更新时间： 2024-11-23 12:10:39

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亚德诺 - ADI		/
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5页	154K
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Surging Across the Barrier

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MS-2341 数据手册

Technical Article

MS-2341

There are a variety of reasons for requiring galvanic isolation

in electrical systems. The most obvious—and most critical—

is the protection of human operators from potentially lethal

shocks. Shock hazards can come from the mains power that

the equipment is plugged into, or from high voltages

generated within an enclosure. A reinforced insulation rating

is required when humans are being protected from

potentially lethal shock.

Surging Across the Barrier:

Digital Isolators Set the

Standard for Reinforced

Insulation

INTRODUCTION

In large industrial settings there may be potential differences

between physically separated ground points that may create

unwanted current flow. Ground loops can also lead to noise

and hum in a system.

Optocouplers have traditionally been used to isolate

potentially dangerous voltages in many types of electrical

equipment. Today, more modern digital isolators based on

transformer or capacitive coupling are widely used.

Transformer-based digital isolators offer many benefits such

as improved performance, integrated functionality, lower

power dissipation, better longer-term reliability, and

improved ease of use.

High reliability or high availability systems often require that

individual circuit faults be contained such that overall

system operation is not impaired beyond an acceptable level.

Isolation can be used in these systems to contain faults so

neighboring circuitry remains operational.

Isolation can be required for several reasons. It allows

functional circuit operation when disparate ground

references or supply voltages are used. Equipment operators

or medical patients must be protected from shocks or

dangerous currents during long-term system operation.

Damage to sensitive and/or costly systems due to electrical

surges—such as lightning strikes—must be prevented.

Different portions of an electrical system may have

unreferenced grounds or be referenced to unrelated high-

side supply voltages, again leading to a need for isolation.

Finally, noise in a particular portion of a circuit may need to

be contained to eliminate interference with sensitive

electronics.

SAFETY STANDARDS

Over time, national and international standards were

developed with the goal of providing uniform specification

and testing of isolators and electrical systems employing

isolation. Safety certifications can be achieved both at the

component level and for the end system, and certification

requirements can vary in different regions of the world even

when the same base safety standards are referenced. Isolators

that meet a superset of safety standard specifications provide

maximum flexibility to equipment vendors in meeting these

varying requirements.

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

publishes a number of international standards related to

electrical safety, while national bodies such as Underwriters

Laboratory (UL) in the US and Verband der Elektrotechnik

(VDE) in Germany publish regional specifications. Testing

and certification to the standards is provided by several

entities, including UL, VDE, the Canadian Standards

Association (CSA), and Technischer Überwachungs-Verein

(TÜV) in Germany. The choice of which certification to

obtain depends on the region where the component or

Table 1. System-Level Standards Relevant to Applications Requiring Isolation by Market and Region

Household Industrial

Information

Technology

Measurement and

Control

Medical

Telecom

IEC 60065

VDE 860

UL 60065

IEC 60204

IEC 60950

EN 60950

IEC 61010-1

VDE 410/0411

UL 61010

IEC 60601

VDE 0750

UL 60601

CSA 601

IEC 60950

VDE 0804

UL 60950

CSA 60950

International

Germany

USA

UL 508, UL 60947 UL 60950

CSA. 14-10 CSA 60950

CSA 61010

Canada

www.analog.com

June 2012 | Page 1 of 5

12 3 4 5

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与MS-2341相关器件

型号	品牌	获取价格	描述	数据表
MS2342	CIT	获取价格	CIT SWITCH
MS2342L9	CIT	获取价格	CIT SWITCH
MS2344	MICROSEMI	获取价格	Transistor
MS2344	ADPOW	获取价格	RF Power Bipolar Transistor, 1-Element, L Band, Silicon, NPN, 0.250 X 0.250 INCH, HERMETIC
MS235RAA	COILCRAFT	获取价格	High-Reliability Chip Inductors
MS235RAA10N_SZ	COILCRAFT	获取价格	High-Reliability Chip Inductors
MS235RAA10NJQZ	COILCRAFT	获取价格	General Purpose Inductor, 0.01uH, 5%, 1 Element, Ceramic-Core, SMD, 0502, CHIP, 0402
MS235RAA10NJSW	COILCRAFT	获取价格	General Purpose Inductor, 0.01uH, 5%, 1 Element, Ceramic-Core, SMD, CHIP, 0402
MS235RAA10NJSZ	COILCRAFT	获取价格	General Purpose Inductor, 0.01uH, 5%, 1 Element, Ceramic-Core, SMD, 0502, CHIP, 0402
MS235RAA10NJTZ	COILCRAFT	获取价格	General Purpose Inductor, 0.01uH, 5%, 1 Element, Ceramic-Core, SMD, 0502, CHIP, 0402

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