Recommended Reflow Profile
MAX 260˚C
255
R3
R4
230
217
200
R2
180
60 sec to 90 sec
Above 217˚C
150
R5
R1
120
80
25
0
100
150
200
250
P4
COOL DOWN
300
t-TIME
(SECONDS)
50
P1
HEAT
UP
P3
P2
SOLDER
REFLOW
SOLDER PASTE DRY
Maximum DT/Dtime
Process Zone
Heat Up
Symbol
Pꢀ, Rꢀ
Pꢁ, Rꢁ
P3, R3
P3, R4
P4, R5
DT
or Duration
ꢁ5°C to ꢀ50°C
ꢀ50°C to ꢁ00°C
ꢁ00°C to ꢁ55°C
ꢁ55°C to ꢁ00°C
ꢁ00°C to ꢁ5°C
> ꢁꢀꢂ°C
3°C/s
ꢀ00s to ꢀ80s
3°C/s
Solder Paste Dry
Solder Reflow
-6°C/s
Cool Down
-6°C/s
Time maintained above ꢁꢀꢂ°C
Peak Temperature
60s to 90s
ꢁ60°C
Time within 5°C of actual Peak Temperature
Time ꢁ5°C to Peak Temperature
> ꢁ55°C
ꢁ0s to 40s
8mins
ꢁ5°C to ꢁ60°C
Theꢀ reflowꢀ profileꢀ isꢀ aꢀ straight-lineꢀ representationꢀ ofꢀ aꢀ nominalꢀ temperatureꢀ profileꢀ forꢀ aꢀ convectiveꢀ reflowꢀ solderꢀ
process.ꢀTheꢀtemperatureꢀprofileꢀisꢀdividedꢀintoꢀfourꢀprocessꢀzones,ꢀeachꢀwithꢀdifferentꢀDT/Dtimeꢀtemperatureꢀchangeꢀ
ratesꢀorꢀduration.ꢀTheꢀDT/Dtimeꢀratesꢀorꢀdurationꢀareꢀdetailedꢀinꢀtheꢀaboveꢀtable.ꢀꢀTheꢀtemperaturesꢀareꢀmeasuredꢀatꢀ
theꢀcomponentꢀtoꢀprintedꢀcircuitꢀboardꢀconnections.
Process zone P1,ꢀtheꢀPCꢀboardꢀandꢀAPDS-9005ꢀpinsꢀareꢀheatedꢀtoꢀaꢀtemperatureꢀofꢀ150°Cꢀtoꢀactivateꢀtheꢀfluxꢀinꢀtheꢀ
solderꢀpaste.ꢀTheꢀtemperatureꢀrampꢀupꢀrate,ꢀR1,ꢀisꢀlimitedꢀtoꢀ3°CꢀperꢀsecondꢀtoꢀallowꢀforꢀevenꢀheatingꢀofꢀbothꢀtheꢀPCꢀ
boardꢀandꢀAPDS-9005ꢀpins.
Process zone P2 shouldꢀbeꢀofꢀsufficientꢀtimeꢀdurationꢀ(100ꢀtoꢀ180ꢀseconds)ꢀtoꢀdryꢀtheꢀsolderꢀpaste.ꢀTheꢀtemperatureꢀisꢀ
raisedꢀtoꢀaꢀlevelꢀjustꢀbelowꢀtheꢀliquidusꢀpointꢀofꢀtheꢀsolder,ꢀusuallyꢀ200°Cꢀ(392°F).ꢀ
Process zone P3 isꢀtheꢀsolderꢀreflowꢀzone.ꢀInꢀzoneꢀP3,ꢀtheꢀtemperatureꢀisꢀquicklyꢀraisedꢀaboveꢀtheꢀliquidusꢀpointꢀofꢀ
solderꢀtoꢀ255°Cꢀ(491°F)ꢀforꢀoptimumꢀresults.ꢀTheꢀdwellꢀtimeꢀaboveꢀtheꢀliquidusꢀpointꢀofꢀsolderꢀshouldꢀbeꢀbetweenꢀ20ꢀ
andꢀ40ꢀseconds.ꢀItꢀusuallyꢀtakesꢀaboutꢀ20ꢀsecondsꢀtoꢀassureꢀproperꢀcoalescingꢀofꢀtheꢀsolderꢀballsꢀintoꢀliquidꢀsolderꢀandꢀ
theꢀformationꢀofꢀgoodꢀsolderꢀconnections.ꢀBeyondꢀaꢀdwellꢀtimeꢀofꢀ40ꢀseconds,ꢀtheꢀintermetallicꢀgrowthꢀwithinꢀtheꢀ
solderꢀconnectionsꢀbecomesꢀexcessive,ꢀresultingꢀinꢀtheꢀformationꢀofꢀweakꢀandꢀunreliableꢀconnections.ꢀTheꢀtempera-
tureꢀisꢀthenꢀrapidlyꢀreducedꢀtoꢀaꢀpointꢀbelowꢀtheꢀsolidusꢀtemperatureꢀofꢀtheꢀsolder,ꢀusuallyꢀ200°Cꢀ(392°F),ꢀtoꢀallowꢀtheꢀ
solderꢀwithinꢀtheꢀconnectionsꢀtoꢀfreezeꢀsolid.ꢀ
Process zone P4 isꢀtheꢀcoolꢀdownꢀafterꢀsolderꢀfreeze.ꢀTheꢀcoolꢀdownꢀrate,ꢀR5,ꢀfromꢀtheꢀliquidusꢀpointꢀofꢀtheꢀsolderꢀtoꢀ
25°Cꢀ(77°F)ꢀshouldꢀnotꢀexceedꢀ6°Cꢀperꢀsecondꢀmaximum.ꢀThisꢀlimitationꢀisꢀnecessaryꢀtoꢀallowꢀtheꢀPCꢀboardꢀandꢀAPDS-
9005ꢀpinsꢀtoꢀchangeꢀdimensionsꢀevenly,ꢀputtingꢀminimalꢀstressesꢀonꢀtheꢀAPDS-9005.
Itꢀisꢀrecommendedꢀtoꢀperformꢀreflowꢀsolderingꢀnoꢀmoreꢀthanꢀtwice.
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