AD5304/AD5314/AD5324
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
DAC Reference Inputs
The AD5304/AD5314/AD5324 are quad resistor-string DACs
fabricated on a CMOS process with resolutions of 8, 10, and 12
bits respectively. Each contains four output buffer amplifiers and
is written to via a 3-wire serial interface. They operate from
single supplies of 2.5 V to 5.5 V and the output buffer amplifiers
provide rail-to-rail output swing with a slew rate of 0.7 V/µs. The
four DACs share a single reference input pin. The devices have
programmable power-down modes, in which all DACs may be
turned off completely with a high-impedance output.
There is a single reference input pin for the four DACs. The
reference input is unbuffered. The user can have a reference
voltage as low as 0.25 V and as high as VDD since there is no
restriction due to headroom and footroom of any reference
amplifier.
It is recommended to use a buffered reference in the external
circuit (e.g., REF192). The input impedance is typically 45 kΩ.
Output Amplifier
The output buffer amplifier is capable of generating rail-to-rail
voltages on its output, which gives an output range of 0 V to VDD
when the reference is VDD. It is capable of driving a load of
Digital-to-Analog Section
The architecture of one DAC channel consists of a resistor-string
DAC followed by an output buffer amplifier. The voltage at the
REFIN pin provides the reference voltage for the DAC. Figure
27 shows a block diagram of the DAC architecture. Since the
input coding to the DAC is straight binary, the ideal output
voltage is given by:
2 kΩ to GND or VDD, in parallel with 500 pF to GND or VDD
.
The source and sink capabilities of the output amplifier can be
seen in the plot in Figure 14.
The slew rate is 0.7 V/µs with a half-scale settling time to
0.5 LSB (at 8 bits) of 6 µs.
VREF × D
VOUT
=
2N
POWER-ON RESET
The AD5304/AD5314/AD5324 are provided with a power-on
reset function, so that they power up in a defined state. The
power-on state is:
where
D = decimal equivalent of the binary code, which is loaded to the
DAC register;
– Normal operation.
– Output voltage set to 0 V.
0–255 for AD5304 (8 Bits)
0–1023 for AD5314 (10 Bits)
0–4095 for AD5324 (12 Bits)
Both input and DAC registers are filled with zeros and remain
so until a valid write sequence is made to the device. This is
particularly useful in applications where it is important to know
the state of the DAC outputs while the device is powering up.
N = DAC resolution
REFIN
SERIAL INTERFACE
INPUT
REGISTER
The AD5304/AD5314/AD5324 are controlled over a versatile,
3-wire serial interface, which operates at clock rates up to 30 MHz
and is compatible with SPI, QSPI, MICROWIRE, and DSP
interface standards.
DAC
REGISTER
RESISTOR
STRING
V
A
OUT
OUTPUT BUFFER
AMPLIFIER
Input Shift Register
Figure 27. DAC Channel Architecture
Resistor String
The input shift register is 16 bits wide. Data is loaded into the
device as a 16-bit word under the control of a serial clock input,
SCLK. The timing diagram for this operation is shown in Figure 1.
The 16-bit word consists of four control bits followed by 8, 10,
or 12 bits of DAC data, depending on the device type. Data
is loaded MSB first (Bit 15) and the first two bits determine
whether the data is for DAC A, DAC B, DAC C, or DAC D.
Bits 13 and 12 control the operating mode of the DAC. Bit 13 is
PD, which determines whether the part is in normal or power-
down mode. Bit 12 is LDAC, which controls when DAC registers
and outputs are updated.
The resistor string section is shown in Figure 28. It is simply a
string of resistors, each of value R. The digital code loaded to the
DAC register determines at which node on the string the voltage
is tapped off to be fed into the output amplifier. The voltage is
tapped off by closing one of the switches connecting the string to
the amplifier. Because it is a string of resistors, it is guaranteed
monotonic.
R
R
Table I. Address Bits for the AD53x4
TO OUTPUT
AMPLIFIER
R
A1
A0
DAC Addressed
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
DAC A
DAC B
DAC C
DAC D
R
R
Figure 28. Resistor String
REV. B
–9–