TOP209/210
TOPSwitch Family Functional Description
TOPSwitchisaselfbiasedandprotected
linear control current-to-duty cycle
converter with an open drain output.
High efficiency is achieved through the
use of CMOS and integration of the
maximumnumberoffunctionspossible.
CMOS significantly reduces bias
currents as compared to bipolar or
discretesolutions. Integrationeliminates
externalpowerresistorsusedforcurrent
sensing and/or supplying initial start-up
bias current.
Auto-restart
I
B
D
MAX
Slope = PWM Gain
-16%/mA
D
MIN
During normal operation, the internal
output MOSFET duty cycle linearly
decreases with increasing CONTROL
pin current as shown in Figure 4. To
implement all the required control, bias,
and protection functions, the DRAIN
and CONTROL pins each perform
several functions as described below.
Refer to Figure 2 for a block diagram
and Figure 6 for timing and voltage
waveformsoftheTOPSwitchintegrated
circuit.
I
2.5
6.5
CD1
I
(mA)
C
PI-2047-060497
Figure 4. Relationship of Duty Cycle to CONTROL Pin Current.
I
C
Charging C
T
5.7 V
4.7 V
V
C
0
Control Voltage Supply
CONTROL pin voltage VC is the supply
or bias voltage for the controller and
driver circuitry. An external bypass
capacitorcloselyconnectedbetweenthe
CONTROL and SOURCE pins is
requiredtosupplythegatedrivecurrent.
The total amount of capacitance
connected to this pin (CT) also sets the
auto-restart timing as well as control
loop compensation. VC is regulated in
either of two modes of operation.
Hysteretic regulation is used for initial
start-up and overload operation. Shunt
regulation is used to separate the duty
cycleerrorsignalfromthecontrolcircuit
supply current. During start-up, VC
current is supplied from a high-voltage
switched current source connected
internally between the DRAIN and
CONTROL pins. The current source
provides sufficient current to supply the
control circuitry as well as charge the
total external capacitance (CT).
Off
V
IN
DRAIN
0
Switching
(a)
I
CD2
Discharging C
I
I
T
C
CD1
Discharging C
Charging C
T
T
5.7 V
4.7 V
V
C
8 Cycles
95%
0
5%
Off
Off
Off
V
IN
0
DRAIN
Switching
Switching
(b)
C is the total external capacitance
T
connected to the CONTROL pin
PI-1124A-060694
Figure 5. Start-up Waveforms for (a) Normal Operation and (b) Auto-restart.
A
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