¡ Semiconductor
ML7021
EXPLANATION OF TERMS
Attenuating Function :
Echo Attenuation :
This function prevents howling and controls the noise level with
the attenuator for the RIN input and SOUT output. Refer to the
explanation of pins (ATT pin).
If there is talking (input only to RIN) in the path of a rising echo
arises, the echo attenuation refers to the difference in the echo
return loss (canceled amount) when the echo canceler is not used
and when it is used.
Echo attenuation = (SOUT level during through mode operation)
– (SOUT level during echo canceler operation) [dB]
This is the time from when the signal is output from ROUT until
it returns to SIN as an echo.
When using a hands free phone, and so on, the signal output from
the speaker echoes and is input again to the microphone. The
return signal is referred to as acoustic echo.
Echo Delay Time :
Acoustic Echo :
Telephone Line Echo :
Gain Control Function :
This is a signal which is delayed midway in a telephone line and
returns as an echo, due to reasons such as a hybrid impedance
mismatch.
This function prevents howling and controls the sound level with
againcontrollerfortheRINinput. Refertotheexplanationofpins
(GC pin).
Center Clipping Function : This function forces the SOUT output to a minimum value when
the signal is below –54 dBm0. Refer to the explanation of pins
(NLP pin).
Double Talk Detection :
Double talk refers to a state in which the SIN and RIN signals are
input simultaneously. In a double talk state, a signal outside the
echo signal which is to be canceled can be input to the SIN input,
resulting in misoperation.
Thedoubletalkdetectorpreventssuchmisoperationofthecanceler.
Thisistheoscillatingstatecausedbytheacousticcouplingbetween
the loud speaker and the microphone during hands free talking.
Howling not only interferes with talking, but can also cause in
misoperation of the echo canceler.
Howling Detection :
The howling detector prevents such misoperation and prevents
howling.
Echo Return Loss (ERL) :
WhenthesignaloutputfromROUTreturnstoSINasanecho, ERL
refers to how much loss there is in the signal level during ROUT.
ERL = (ROUT level) – (SIN level of the ROUT signal which returns
as an echo) [dB]
If ERL is positive (ROUT > SIN), the system is an attenuator
system.
IfERLisnegative(ROUT<SIN),thesystemisanamplifiersystem.
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