MIC4685
Micrel, Inc.
Block Diagrams
VIN
IN
VIN
IN
Bootstrap
Charger
Bootstrap
Charger
Enable
Enable
Internal
Regulator
Internal
Regulator
R1
R2
VOUT VREF
+1
1
VOUT
R1 R2
VREF
200kHz
Oscillator
Thermal
Shutdown
Current
Limit
200kHz
Oscillator
Thermal
Shutdown
Current
Limit
V
REF
1.235V
Com
parator
Com
parator
VOUT
COUT
VOUT
COUT
SW
FB
SW
FB
Driver
Driver
Reset
Reset
R1
R2
Error
Amp
Error
Amp
1.235V
1.235V
Bandgap
Bandgap
Reference
Reference
MIC4685
MIC4685
Figure 1. Adjustable Regulator
Figure 2. Fixed Regulator
waveform to produce a voltage controlled variable duty cycle
output.
Functional Description
The MIC4685 is a variable duty cycle switch-mode regula-
tor with an internal power switch. Refer to the above block
diagram.
Ahigherfeedbackvoltageincreasestheerroramplifieroutput
voltage. A higher error amplifier voltage (comparator invert-
ing input) causes the comparator to detect only the peaks
of the sawtooth, reducing the duty cycle of the comparator
output. A lower feedback voltage increases the duty cycle.
The MIC4685 uses a voltage-mode control architecture.
Supply Voltage
The MIC4685 operates from a +4V to +30V (34V transient)
unregulated input. Highest efficiency operation is from a
supply voltage around +12V. See the efficiency curves in the
“Typical Characteristics” section on page 5.
Output Switching
When the internal switch is ON, an increasing current flows
Enable/Shutdown
from the supply V through external storage inductor L1, to
IN,
The enable (EN
) input is TTL compatible. Tie the input high
if unused. A logic-high enables the regulator. A logic-low
shuts down the internal regulator which reduces the current
output capacitor C
and the load. Energy is stored in the
OUT
inductor as the current increases with time.
When the internal switch is turned OFF, the collapse of the
magneticfieldinL1forcescurrenttoflowthroughfastrecovery
to typically 150µA when V = 0V.
EN
Feedback
diode D1, charging C
OUT
In the fixed version, the feedback pin is connected directly
to the output. In the adjustable version, an external resistive
voltage divider is required from the output voltage to ground,
center tapped to the FB pin. See Table 1 and Table 2 for
recommended resistor values.
Output Capacitor
External output capacitor C
reduces ripple.
provides stabilization and
OUT
Return Paths
During the ON portion of the cycle, the output capacitor and
load currents return to the supply ground. During the OFF
portion of the cycle, current is being supplied to the output
capacitor and load by storage inductor L1, which means that
D1 is part of the high-current return path.
Duty Cycle Control
A fixed-gain error amplifier compares the feedback signal
with a 1.235V bandgap voltage reference. The resulting error
amplifier output voltage is compared to a 200kHz sawtooth
March 2005
9
M9999-031805