LTC1064
W
U
ODES OF OPERATIO
Mode 3
SECONDARY MODES
Mode 1b
Mode3isthesecondoftheprimarymodes. InMode3, the
ratio of the external clock frequency to the center fre-
quencyofeach2ndordersectioncanbeadjustedabove or
below 50:1 or 100:1. Side D of the LTC1064 can only be
connected in Mode 3. Figure 6 illustrates Mode 3, the
classical state variable configuration, providing highpass,
bandpass and lowpass 2nd order filter functions. Mode 3
is slower than Mode 1. Mode 3 can be used to make high
order all-pole bandpass, lowpass, highpass and notch
filters.
Mode1bisderivedfromMode1.InMode1b,Figure7,two
additional resistors R5 and R6 are added to alternate the
amount of voltage fed back from the lowpass output into
the input of the SA (or SB or SC) switched-capacitor
summer. This allows the filter’s clock-to-center frequency
ratio to be adjusted beyond 50:1 or 100:1. Mode 1b
maintains the speed advantages of Mode 1.
R6
R5
When the internal clock-to-center frequency ratio is set at
50:1, the design equations for Q and bandpass gain are
different from the 100:1 case. This was done to provide
speed without penalizing the noise performance.
R3
R2
BP
LP
N
S
R1
V
IN
–
+
–
+
Σ
∫
∫
C
C
1064 F07
1/4 LTC1064
R4
R3
R2
AGND
BP
LP
HP
S
R3
R2
f
R6
R6
R5 + R6
CLK
f
O
=
; f = f Q =
O;
;
n
√
√
100(50) R5 + R6
R1
V
IN
–
+
R2
R1
R6
R5 + R6
–
+
R2
R1
f
CLK
H
(f→ 0) = H
f→ = –
; H
= –
;
ON1
OBP
ON2
OLP
Σ
(
)
∫
∫
2
1064 F06
1/4 LTC1064
R3
R1
H
= –
; R5⏐⏐R6 ≤ 5k
1064 F07 Eq
AGND
Figure 7. Mode 1b: 2nd Order Filter Providing Notch,
Bandpass and Lowpass
R2
R4
R3 R2
R2
R1
f
CLK
MODE 3 (100:1):
MODE 3 (50:1):
f
=
; Q =
; H
= –
;
O
OHP
√
√
R2 R4
100
R3
R1
R4
R1
H
= –
; H
= –
OBP
OLP
Mode 2
R2
R4
R2
1.005
f
R2
R4
√
CLK
50
f
O
=
; Q =
;
Mode 2 is a combination of Mode 1 and Mode 3, as shown
in Figure 8. With Mode 2, the clock-to-center frequency
ratio fCLK/fO is always less than 50:1 or 100:1. The
advantage of Mode 2 is that it provides less sensitivity to
resistor tolerances than does Mode 3. As in Mode 1,
Mode 2 has a notch output which depends on the clock
frequency and the notch frequency is therefore less than
the center frequency fO.
√
R2
–
R3 16R4
R3
R1
R3
R2
R1
R4
R1
H
= –
; H
= –
; H
= –
OHP
OBP
OLP
1 –
16R4
NOTE: THE 50:1 EQUATIONS FOR MODE 3 ARE DIFFERENT FROM THE EQUATIONS
FOR MODE 3 OPERATIONS OF THE LTC1059, LTC1060 AND LTC1061. START WITH
f , CALCULATE R2/R4, SET R4; FROM THE Q VALUE, CALCULATE R3:
O
R2
R3 =
; THEN CALCULATE R1 TO SET
R2 THE DESIRED GAIN.
1.005
Q
R2
R4
1064 F06 Eq
+
√
16R4
When the internal clock-to-center frequency ratio is set at
50:1, the design equations for Q and bandpass gain are
different from the 100:1 case.
Figure 6. Mode 3: 2nd Order Filter Providing Highpass,
Bandpass and Lowpass
1064fb
9