ADuM4470/ADuM4471/ADuM4472/ADuM4473/ADuM4474
Data Sheet
The primary side input channels sample the input and send a pulse
to the inactive secondary output. The secondary side converter
begins to accept power from the primary, and the VISO voltage
starts to rise. When the secondary side UVLO is reached, the
secondary side outputs are initialized to their default low state
until data, either a transition or a dc refresh pulse, is received
from the corresponding primary side input. It can take up to
1 µs after the secondary side is initialized for the state of the
output to correlate with the primary side input.
POWER CONSIDERATIONS
Soft Start Mode and Current-Limit Protection
When the ADuM447x first receives power from VDDA, it is
in soft start mode, and the output voltage, VISO, is increased
gradually while it is below the start-up threshold. In soft start
mode, the width of the PWM signal is increased gradually by
the primary converter to limit the peak current during VISO
power-up. When the output voltage is larger than the start-
up threshold, the PWM signal can be transferred from the
secondary controller to the primary converter, and the dc-to-
dc converter switches from soft start mode to the normal
PWM control mode. If a short circuit occurs, the push-pull
converter shuts down for about 2 ms and then enters soft start
mode. If, at the end of soft start, a short circuit still exists, the
process is repeated, which is called hiccup mode. If the short
circuit is cleared, the ADuM447x enters normal operation.
Secondary side inputs sample their state and transmit it to the
primary side. Outputs are valid one propagation delay after the
secondary side becomes active.
Because the rate of charge of the secondary side is dependent on
the soft start cycle, loading conditions, input voltage, and output
voltage level selected, take care in the design to allow the converter
to stabilize before valid data is required.
The ADuM447x also have a pulse-by-pulse current limit, which
is active in startup and normal operation and protects the primary
switches, X1 and X2, from exceeding approximately 1.2 A peak.
This current limit also protects the transformer windings.
When power is removed from VDDA, the primary side converter
and coupler shut down when the UVLO level is reached. The
secondary side stops receiving power and starts to discharge.
The outputs on the secondary side hold the last state that they
received from the primary until either the UVLO level is reached
and the outputs are placed in their default low state, or the outputs
detect a lack of activity from the inputs and the outputs are set
to their default value before the secondary power reaches UVLO.
Data Channel Power Cycle
The ADuM447x data input channels on the primary side and
the data input channels on the secondary side are protected
from premature operation by UVLO circuitry. Below the minimum
operating voltage, the power converter holds its oscillator inactive,
and all input channel drivers and refresh circuits are idle. Outputs
are held in a low state. This is to prevent transmission of undefined
states during power-up and power-down operations.
During the application of power to VDDA, the primary side
circuitry is held idle until the UVLO preset voltage is reached.
At that time, the data channels are initialized to their default
low output state until they receive data pulses from the
secondary side.
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