Data Sheet
ADuM1400/ADuM1401/ADuM1402
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
PC BOARD LAYOUT
DC CORRECTNESS AND MAGNETIC FIELD
IMMUNITY
The ADuM1400/ADuM1401/ADuM1402 digital isolators
require no external interface circuitry for the logic interfaces.
Power supply bypassing is strongly recommended at the input
and output supply pins (see Figure 17). Bypass capacitors are
most conveniently connected between Pin 1 and Pin 2 for VDD1
and between Pin 15 and Pin 16 for VDD2. The capacitor value
should be between 0.01 µF and 0.1 µF. The total lead length
between both ends of the capacitor and the input power supply
pin should not exceed 20 mm. Bypassing between Pin 1 and Pin
8 and between Pin 9 and Pin 16 should also be considered,
unless the ground pair on each package side is connected close
to the package.
Positive and negative logic transitions at the isolator input
cause narrow (~1 ns) pulses to be sent to the decoder via the
transformer. The decoder is bistable and is, therefore, either set
or reset by the pulses, indicating input logic transitions. In the
absence of logic transitions at the input for more than ~1 µs, a
periodic set of refresh pulses indicative of the correct input state
are sent to ensure dc correctness at the output. If the decoder
receives no internal pulses of more than about 5 µs, the input
side is assumed to be unpowered or nonfunctional, in which
case the isolator output is forced to a default state (see Table 15)
by the watchdog timer circuit.
V
GND
V
V
DD2
DD1
The limitation on the magnetic field immunity of the ADuM1400/
ADuM1401/ADuM1402 is set by the condition in which induced
voltage in the receiving coil of the transformer is sufficiently large
enough to either falsely set or reset the decoder. The following
analysis defines the conditions under which this may occur. The
3 V operating condition of the ADuM1400/ADuM1401/
ADuM1402 is examined because it represents the most susceptible
mode of operation.
GND
1
2
V
IA
IB
OA
V
V
OB
V
V
/V
V
V
V
V
IC OC
OC/ IC
V
V
ID/ OD
OD/ ID
NC/V
E1
E2
GND
GND
2
1
Figure 17. Recommended Printed Circuit Board Layout
In applications involving high common-mode transients, care
should be taken to ensure that board coupling across the isolation
barrier is minimized. Furthermore, the board layout should be
designed such that any coupling that does occur equally affects
all pins on a given component side. Failure to ensure this could
cause voltage differentials between pins exceeding the Absolute
Maximum Ratings of the device, thereby leading to latch-up or
permanent damage.
The pulses at the transformer output have an amplitude greater
than 1.0 V. The decoder has a sensing threshold at about 0.5 V, thus
establishing a 0.5 V margin in which induced voltages can be
tolerated. The voltage induced across the receiving coil is given by
2
V = (−dβ/dt)∑∏rn ; n = 1, 2, … , N
where:
β is magnetic flux density (gauss).
N is the number of turns in the receiving coil.
rn is the radius of the nth turn in the receiving coil (cm).
See the AN-1109 Application Note for board layout guidelines.
PROPAGATION DELAY-RELATED PARAMETERS
Propagation delay is a parameter that describes the time it takes
a logic signal to propagate through a component. The propagation
delay to a Logic 0 output may differ from the propagation delay
to a Logic 1 output.
Given the geometry of the receiving coil in the ADuM1400/
ADuM1401/ADuM1402 and an imposed requirement that the
induced voltage be 50% at most of the 0.5 V margin at the
decoder, a maximum allowable magnetic field is calculated as
shown in Figure 19.
INPUT (V
)
50%
Ix
100
tPLH
tPHL
OUTPUT (V
)
50%
Ox
10
1
Figure 18. Propagation Delay Parameters
Pulse width distortion is the maximum difference between
these two propagation delay values and is an indication of how
accurately the timing of the input signal is preserved.
0.1
Channel-to-channel matching refers to the maximum amount
the propagation delay differs between channels within a single
ADuM1400/ADuM1401/ADuM1402 component.
0.01
0.001
Propagation delay skew refers to the maximum amount the
propagation delay differs between multiple ADuM1400/
ADuM1401/ADuM1402 components operating under the same
conditions.
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
100M
MAGNETIC FIELD FREQUENCY (Hz)
Figure 19. Maximum Allowable External Magnetic Flux Density
Rev. L | Page 27 of 31