Data Sheet
ADF4107
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
REFERENCE INPUT STAGE
A AND B COUNTERS
The reference input stage is shown in Figure 17. SW1 and SW2
are normally closed switches. SW3 is normally open. When
power-down is initiated, SW3 is closed and SW1 and SW2 are
opened. This ensures that there is no loading of the REFIN pin
on power-down.
The A and B CMOS counters combine with the dual-modulus
prescaler to allow a wide ranging division ratio in the PLL
feedback counter. The counters are specified to work when the
prescaler output is 300 MHz or less. Thus, with an RF input
frequency of 4.0 GHz, a prescaler value of 16/17 is valid but a
value of 8/9 is not valid.
POWER-DOWN
CONTROL
Pulse Swallow Function
100kΩ
SW2
NC
The A and B counters, in conjunction with the dual-modulus
prescaler, make it possible to generate output frequencies that
are spaced only by the reference frequency divided by R. The
equation for the VCO frequency is as follows:
TO R COUNTER
REF
IN
NC
BUFFER
SW1
fREFIN
R
fVCO
P B A
SW3
NO
where:
Figure 17. Reference Input Stage
f
VCO is the output frequency of external voltage controlled
RF INPUT STAGE
oscillator (VCO).
The RF input stage is shown in Figure 18. It is followed by a
2-stage limiting amplifier to generate the CML clock levels
needed for the prescaler.
P is the preset modulus of dual-modulus prescaler (8/9, 16/17).
B is the preset divide ratio of binary 13-bit counter (3 to 8191).
A is the preset divide ratio of binary 6-bit swallow counter (0 to 63).
f
REFIN is the external reference frequency oscillator.
N = BP + A
1.6V
BIAS
AV
DD
GENERATOR
TO PFD
13-BIT B
COUNTER
500Ω
500Ω
LOAD
FROM RF
INPUT STAGE
PRESCALER
P/P + 1
LOAD
RF
RF
A
B
IN
6-BIT A
COUNTER
MODULUS
CONTROL
IN
N DIVIDER
Figure 19. A and B Counters
AGND
R COUNTER
Figure 18. RF Input Stage
The 14-bit R counter allows the input reference frequency to be
divided down to produce the reference clock to the phase
frequency detector (PFD). Division ratios from 1 to 16,383 are
allowed.
PRESCALER (P/P + 1)
The dual-modulus prescaler (P/P + 1), along with the A and B
counters, enables the large division ratio, N, to be realized
(N = BP + A). The dual-modulus prescaler, operating at CML
levels, takes the clock from the RF input stage and divides it
down to a manageable frequency for the CMOS A and CMOS B
counters. The prescaler is programmable. It can be set in
software to 8/9, 16/17, 32/33, or 64/65. It is based on a
synchronous 4/5 core. A minimum divide ratio is possible for
fully contiguous output frequencies. This minimum is
determined by P, the prescaler value, and is given by: (P2 − P).
PHASE FREQUENCY DETECTOR AND CHARGE PUMP
The phase frequency detector (PFD) takes inputs from the R
counter and N counter (N = BP + A) and produces an output
proportional to the phase and frequency difference between
them. Figure 20 is a simplified schematic. The PFD includes a
programmable delay element that controls the width of the
antibacklash pulse. This pulse ensures that there is no dead zone
in the PFD transfer function and minimizes phase noise and
reference spurs. Two bits in the reference counter latch, ABP2
and ABP1, control the width of the pulse. Use of the minimum
antibacklash pulse width is not recommended. See Figure 23.
Rev. D | Page 9 of 20