TPS62200, TPS62201
TPS62202, TPS62203
TPS62204, TPS62205
SLVS417B – MARCH 2002 – REVISED OCTOBER 2002
detailed description
operation
TheTPS6220xisasynchronousstep-downconverteroperatingwithtypically1MHzfixedfrequencypulsewidth
modulation (PWM) at moderate to heavy load currents and in power save mode operating with pulse frequency
modulation (PFM) at light load currents.
During PWM operation the converter uses a unique fast response, voltage mode, controller scheme with input
voltage feed forward. This achieves good line and load regulation and allows the use of small ceramic input
and output capacitors. At the beginning of each clock cycle initiated by the clock signal (S), the P-channel
MOSFET switch is turned on, and the inductor current ramps up until the comparator trips and the control logic
turns off the switch. The current limit comparator also turns off the switch in case the current limit of the
P-channel switch is exceeded. Then the N-channel rectifier switch is turned on and the inductor current ramps
down. The next cycle is initiated by the clock signal again turning off the N-channel rectifier and turning on the
P-channel switch.
The GM amplifier and input voltage determines the rise time of the Sawtooth generator; therefore any change
in input voltage or output voltage directly controls the duty cycle of the converter. This gives a very good line
and load transient regulation.
power save mode operation
As the load current decreases, the converter enters the power save mode operation. During power save mode,
the converter operates with reduced switching frequency in PFM mode and with a minimum quiescent current
to maintain high efficiency.
Two conditions allow the converter to enter the power save mode operation. One is when the converter detects
the discontinuous conduction mode. The other is when the peak switch current in the P-channel switch goes
below the skip current limit. The typical skip current limit can be calculated as
Vin
160 W
I
v 66 mA )
skip
During the power save mode the output voltage is monitored with the comparator by the thresholds comp low
and comp high. As the output voltage falls below the comp low threshold set to typically 0.8% above Vout
nominal, theP-channelswitchturnson. TheP-channelswitchisturnedoffasthepeakswitchcurrentisreached.
The typical peak switch current can be calculated:
Vin
80 W
I
+ 66 mA )
peak
The N-channel rectifier is turned on and the inductor current ramps down. As the inductor current approaches
zero the N-channel rectifier is turned off and the P-channel switch is turned on again, starting the next pulse.
The converter continues these pulses until the comp high threshold (set to typically 1.6% above Vout nominal)
is reached. The converter enters a sleep mode, reducing the quiescent current to a minimum. The converter
wakes up again as the output voltage falls below the comp low threshold again. This control method reduces
the quiescent current typically to 15 µA and reduces the switching frequency to a minimum, thereby achieving
the high converter efficiency. Setting the skip current thresholds to typically 0.8% and 1.6% above the nominal
output voltage at light load current results in a dynamic output voltage achieving lower absolute voltage drops
during heavy load transient changes. This allows the converter to operate with a small output capacitor of just
10 µF and still have a low absolute voltage drop during heavy load transient changes. Refer to Figure 2 for
detailed operation of the power save mode.
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