M1020/21
Integrated
Circuit
Systems, Inc.
VCSO BASED
CLOCK PLL
P r o d u c t D a t a S h e e t
PLL Operation
Loss of Lock Indicator (LOL) Output Pin
The M1020/21 is a complete clock PLL. It uses a phase
detector and configurable dividers to synchronize the
output of the VCSO with the selected reference clock.
Under normal device operation, when the PLL is locked,
the LOL Phase Detector drives LOL to logic 0. Under
circumstances when the VCSO cannot lock to the input
(as measured by a greater than 4 ns discrepancy
between the feedback and reference clock rising edges
at the LOL Phase Detector) the LOL output goes to logic
1. The LOL pin will return back to logic 0 when the phase
detector error is less than 2 ns. The loss of lock
indicator is a low current LVCMOS output.
The “M” divider divides the VCSO output frequency,
feeding the result into the plus input of the phase
detector.
The output of the “R” divider is fed into the minus input
of the phase detector. The phase detector compares its
two inputs. The phase detector output, filtered
externally, causes the VCSO to increase or decrease in
speed as needed to phase- and frequency-lock the
VCSO to the reference input.
Guidelines for Using LOL
In a given application, the magnitude of peak-to-peak
jitter at the phase detector will usually increase as the R
divider is increased. If the LOL pin will be used to detect
an unusual clock condition, or a clock fault, the
MR_SEL3:0 pins should be set to provide a phase detector
frequency of 5MHz or greater. Otherwise, false LOL
indications may result. A phase detector frequency of
10MHz or greater is desirable when reference jitter is
over 500ps, or when the device is used within a noisy
The value of the M divider directly affects closed loop
bandwidth.
The relationship between the nominal VCSO center
frequency (Fvcso), the M divider, the R divider, and the
input reference frequency (Fin) is:
system environment. Refer to Tables
for phase detector frequency when using the
M1020-11-155.5200 or the M1021-11-155.5200.
3 and 4 on pg. 3
M
R
---
Fvcso = Fin ×
For the available M divider and R divider look-up table
combinations, Tables and 4 on pg. 3 list the Total PLL
TriState
3
Ratio as well as Fin when using the M1020-11-155.5200 or
the M1021-11-155.5200. (See “Ordering Information” on pg.
10.)
The TriState feature puts the LVPECL output driver into
a high impedance state, effectively disconnecting the
driver from the FOUT and nFOUT pins of the device. A
logic 0 is then present on the clock net. The impedance
of the clock net is then set to 50Ωby the external circuit
resistors. (This is in distinction to a CMOS output in
TriState, in which case the net goes to a high
impedance and the logic value floats.) The 50Ω
impedance level of the LVPECL TriState allows
manufacturing In-circuit Test to drive the clock net with
an external 50Ω generator to validate the integrity of
clock net and the clock load.
Post-PLL Divider
The M1020/21 also features a post-PLL (P) divider.
By using the P Divider, the device’s output frequency
(Fout) can be the VCSO center frequency (Fvcso) or
1/2 Fvcso, or 0.
The P_SEL0 and P_SEL1 pins select the value for the P
divider. (See Table 5 on pg. 4.)
When the P divider is included, the complete relation-
ship for the output frequency (Fout) is defined as:
Any unused output (single-ended or differential)
should be left unconnected (floating) in system
application. This minimizes output switching current
and therefore minimizes noise modulation of VCSO.
M
Fvcso
-----------------
Fout =
= Fin ×
-------------------
R × P
P
Due to the narrow tuning range of the VCSO
(+200ppm), appropriate selection of all of the following
are required for the PLL be able to lock: VCSO center
frequency, input frequency, and divider selections.
M1020/21 Datasheet Rev 1.0
5 of 10
Revised 28Jul2004
Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc. ● Networking & Communications ● www.icst.com ● tel (508) 852-5400