LTC2942
OPERATION
Overview
Aprogrammableprescalereffectivelyincreasesintegration
time by a factor M programmable from 1 to 128. At each
underflow or overflow of the prescaler, the accumulated
chargeregister(ACR)valueisincrementedordecremented
one count. The value of accumulated charge is read via
The LTC2942 is a battery gas gauge device designed for
use with single Li-Ion cells and other battery types with a
terminalvoltageat2.7ꢀto±.±ꢀ.Itmeasuresbatterycharge
and discharge, battery voltage and chip temperature.
2
the I C interface.
A precision coulomb counter integrates current through a
sense resistor between the battery’s positive terminal and
theloadorcharger.Batteryvoltageandon-chiptemperature
are measured with an internal 14-bit/15-bit ADC.
Voltage and Temperature ADC
The LTC2942 includes a 14-bit No Latency ΔΣ analog-to-
digital converter, with internal clock and voltage reference
circuits.
Coulomb Counter
The ADC can either be used to monitor the battery voltage
Charge is the time integral of current. The LTC2942 mea-
suresbatterycurrentbymonitoringthevoltagedeveloped
acrossasenseresistorandthenintegratesthisinformation
–
atSENSE ortoconverttheoutputoftheon-chiptempera-
turesensor.Thesensorgeneratesavoltageproportionalto
temperature with a slope of 2.±mꢀ/K resulting in a voltage
of 7±5mꢀ at 27°C.
+
to infer charge. The differential voltage between SENSE
–
andSENSE isappliedtoanauto-zeroeddifferentialanalog
integrator to convert the measured current to charge.
Conversion of either temperature or voltage is triggered
2
by setting the control register via the I C interface. The
When the integrator output ramps to REFHI or REFLO
levels, switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 toggle to reverse the
rampdirection. Byobservingtheconditionoftheswitches
and the ramp direction, polarity is determined.
LTC2942 features an automatic mode where a voltage and
atemperatureconversionareexecutedeverytwoseconds.
At the end of each conversion the corresponding registers
are updated and the converter goes to sleep to minimize
quiescent current.
CHARGER
LOAD
REFHI
+
–
ꢀ
CC
CONTROL
LOGIC
+
–
SENSE
S1
1
–
+
S2
S3
M
ACR
R
SENSE
PRESCALER
SENSE
+
–
I
6
2
BAT
S4
POLARITY
DETECTION
+
REFLO
GND
BATTERY
2942 F52
Figure 2. Coulomb Counter Section of the LTC2942
2942f
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