AMS1501
APPLICATION HINTS
to allow this capability. To ensure good transient response with
heavy load current changes capacitor values on the order of
100mF are used in the output of many regulators. To further
improve stability and transient response of these devices larger
values of output capacitor can be used.
5V
CONTROL
POWER
SENSE
3.3V
The modern systems generate large high frequency current
transients. The load current step contains higher order frequency
components than the output coupling network must handle until
the regulator throttles to the load current level. Because they
contain parasitic resistance and inductance, capacitors are not
ideal elements. These parasitic elements dominate the change in
output voltage at the beginning of a transient load step change.
The ESR of the output capacitors produces an instantaneous step
in output voltage (DV=DI)(ESR). The ESL of the output
capacitors produces a droop proportional to the rate of change of
the output current (V= L)(DI/Dt). The output capacitance
produces a change in output voltage proportional to the time until
the regulator can respond (DV=Dt) (DI/C). Figure 4 illustrates
these transient effects.
AMS1501
OUTPUT
+
VOUT
-
RP
ADJ
LOAD
R1
R2
RP
Figure 2. Remote Load Sensing
(DIOUT)(RP)
VOUT
FIGURE 1
ESR
VOUT
EFFECTS
FIGURE 2
ESL
EFFECTS
CAPACITANCE
EFFECTS
IOUT
SLOPE, V/t = DI/C
POINT AT WHICH REGULATOR
TAKES CONTROL
TIME
Figure 4.
Figure 3. Remote Sensing Improves Load Regulation
Output Voltage
Voltage drops due to RP are not eliminated; they will add to the
dropout voltage of the regulator regardless of whether they are
inside or outside the regulation loop. The AMS1501 can control
the voltage at the load as long as the input-output voltage is
greater than the total of the dropout voltage of the device plus the
voltage drop across RP.
The AMS1501 series develops a 1.25V reference voltage
between the Sense pin and the Adjust pin (Figure5). Placing a
resistor between these two terminals causes a constant current to
flow through R1 and down through R2 to set the overall output
voltage. In general R1 is chosen so that this current is the
specified minimum load current of 10mA.The current out of the
Adjust pin is small, typically 50mA and it adds to the current
from R1. Because IADJ is very small it needs to be considered
only when very precise output voltage setting is required. For
best regulation the top of the resistor divider should be connected
directly to the Sense pin.
Stability
The circuit design used in the AMS1501 series requires the use of
an output capacitor as part of the device frequency compensation.
The addition of 150mF aluminum electrolytic or a 22mF solid
tantalum on the output will ensure stability for all operating
conditions. For best frequency response use capacitors with an
ESR of less than 1W.
VCONTROL
+
In order to meet the transient requirements of the load larger
value capacitors are needed. Tight voltage tolerances are required
in the power supply. To limit the high frequency noise generated
by the load high quality bypass capacitors must be used. In order
to limit parasitic inductance (ESL) and resistance (ESR) in the
capacitors to acceptable limits, multiple small ceramic capacitors
in addition to high quality solid tantalum capacitors are required.
When the adjustment terminal is bypassed to improve the ripple
rejection, the requirement for an output capacitor increases. The
Adjust pin is brought out on the fixed voltage device specifically
CONTROL
POWER
OUTPUT
VOUT
VPOWER
+
+
AMS1501
SENSE
ADJ
VREF
R1
R2
IADJ
50mA
VOUT = VREF (1+ R2/R1)+IADJR2
Figure 5. Setting Output Voltage
Advanced Monolithic Systems, Inc. 6680B Sierra Lane, Dublin, CA 94568 Phone (925) 556-9090 Fax (925) 556-9140
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